Wednesday, February 24, 2016

The Life of St. Paul in the Early Church



  




Around the year 45 A.D., St. Paul began his great missionary journeys carrying the gospel
to the Gentiles. He made roughly three journeys: one to the Middle East, one to Greece
and one to Asia Minor. These journeys are recounted in the Acts of the Apostles in the 
Bible, written by St. Luke, one of the evangelists and Paul's companion on some of his
missions. Everywhere he went he founded christian communities, to which he later
sent letters to continue their instruction in Christian doctrine and to solve controversies.
Paul frequently met with hostility and opposition and suffered scourging, stonings and
beatings. But he had given his life totally to Christ, saying, "Now I no longer live, but
Christ lives in me." (Gal.2:20) (1) The common theme of St. Paul's preaching as
recounted in the Acts of the Apostles was the Risen Lord. He courageously proclaimed
and defended this doctrine even to the point of martyrdom. Truly St. Paul was a herald
of Christ resurrection to the Gentiles.

 

St Paul
There is no doubt that the most influential missionary in the early church was St. Paul.
Before his conversion, he was actually fervently rooted in the Jewish faith. He was
called Saul of Tarsus and even witnessed the persecution of Christians. However, he
claimed to have been dramatically converted by God, whereupon he began preaching.
This is why he changed his name to Paul, the Apostle to the Gentiles. He preached
that the Old Law, or the Laws of Moses, should be replaced by faith in Christ. For only
through Christ, can a person live a life of kindness and joy, ultimately being saved and
reaching heaven. Paul's important role was to combined the two desperate worlds of
Rome and Jerusalem, to unify the scattered Christian communities, and to ease the
tensions between Jewish and Greek Christian. (2) Some Jews wanted to preserve
Jewish ways within Christianity. Ultimately, Paul succeeded in separating the two
religions and spreading the Christian faith.




It was the message of the Risen Lord that gave St Paul the courage to face all the 
accusations of the Jewish people and authorities against him, as recorded in the
 Acts of the Apostles. The Living Tradition gives us some important teachings of 
Christ Resurrection:
648   Christ’s Resurrection is an object of faith in that it is a transcendent intervention of 
God himself in creation and history. In it the three divine persons act together as one, and
 manifest their own proper characteristics. The Father’s power “raised up” Christ his Son
and by doing so perfectly introduced his Son’s humanity, including his body, into the Trinity.
Jesus is conclusively revealed as“Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness
by his Resurrection from the dead.” St. Paul insists on the manifestation of God’s power
through the working of the Spirit who gave life to Jesus’dead humanity and called it to the
glorious state of Lordship.
649   As for the Son, he effects his own Resurrection by virtue of his divine power. Jesus
announces that the Son of man will have to suffer much, die, and then rise. Elsewhere he 
affirms explicitly: “I lay down my life, that I may take it again.... I have power to lay it
down, and I have power to take it again.” “We believe that Jesus died and rose again.”
650   The Fathers contemplate the Resurrection from the perspective of the divine person
of Christ who remained united to his soul and body, even when these were separated from
each other by death: “By the unity of the divine nature, which remains present in each of
the two components of man, these are reunited. For as death is produced by the separation
of the human components, so Resurrection is achieved by the union of the two.”
651 “If Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is in vain and your faith is in vain.” 
The Resurrection above all constitutes the confirmation of all Christ’s works and teachings.
All truths, even those most inaccessible to human reason, find their justification if Christ by 
his Resurrection has given the definitive proof of his divine authority, which he had promised.
652   Christ’s Resurrection is the fulfillment of the promises both of the Old Testament and
 of Jesus himself during his earthly life. The phrase “in accordance with the Scriptures”
indicates that Christ’s Resurrection fulfilled these predictions.
653   The truth of Jesus’ divinity is confirmed by his Resurrection. He had said: “When you
have lifted up the Son of man, then you will know that I am he.” The Resurrection of the 
crucified one shows that he was truly “I Am,” the Son of God and God himself. So St. Paul
could declare to the Jews: “What God promised to the fathers, this he has fulfilled to us 
their children by raising Jesus; as also it is written in the second psalm, ‘You are my Son,
today I have begotten you.’” Christ’s Resurrection is closely linked to the Incarnation of
God’s Son and is its fulfillment in accordance with God’s eternal plan.
654   The Paschal mystery has two aspects: by his death, Christ liberates us from sin; by his Resurrection, he opens for us the way to a new life. This new life is above all justification
that reinstates us in God’s grace, “so that as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory
of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.” Justification consists in both victory
over the death caused by sin and a new participation in grace. It brings about filial
adoption so that men become Christ’s brethren, as Jesus himself called his disciples after
his Resurrection: “Go and tell my brethren.” We are brethren not by nature, but by the gift
of grace, because that adoptive filiation gains us a real share in the life of the only Son,
which was fully revealed in his Resurrection.
655   Finally, Christ’s Resurrection—and the risen Christ himself—is the principle and source
of our future resurrection: “Christ has been raised from the dead, the first fruits of those who
have fallen asleep.... For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.’’ The
risen Christ lives in the hearts of his faithful while they await that fulfillment. In Christ, 
Christians “have tasted... the powers of the age to come’’ and their lives are swept up by Christ 
into the heart of divine life, so that they may “live no longer for themselves but for him who
 for their sake died and was raised.” (3)
 
The Resurrection of Jesus

The Apostle Paul exhorts us to become new men and women for a renewed, improved world.
It is the encounter with Christ that effects this change. Benedict XVI preached this in his
homily on Sunday, June 28th at the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls, during a First
Vespers celebration to conclude the Pauline Year.Benedict XVI: We must learn to think in
a more profound manner. St. Paul explains what this means in the second part of the phrase,
We need to learn how to understand Gods will, so that our will may conform to it-- so that
we ourselves may want that which God wants, so that we may acknowledge that what God 
wants is the beautiful and the good. (4)




                                      Historical Significance of  St. Paul

Saint Paul is undoubtedly one of the most important figures in the  Church history and of the
Western world. Inspired by the Holy Spirit, St. Paul played a crucial role bringing the good
news of Christ resurrection outside the boarders of Jewish territory. Paul’s greatest impact
on Christian history comes from his letters, which are the most influential books of the New
Testament after the four Gospels. His letters inspired Christian thinkers for the next several
centuries, and he also developed powerful expressions of the human relationship to the divine
in his ideas of faith as total commitment to Christ, of Christians as constituting the mystical
body of Christ, and of baptism as becoming one person with Christ and sharing his death so
as to share his life.

Paul encountered Christ, thus began the expansion of the Church to the Gentiles. We must look 
on this saint and encounter Christ anew through him and through his teachings, moving forward
towards the glorious Church, the Heavenly Jerusalem. “I have fought the good fight, I have
finished the race, I have keep the faith. From now on there is laid up for me on that Day, and
only to me but also to all who have loved his appearing.” (2 Tim. 4:7-8)



References:


1    Anne W. Carroll, Christ The King Lord Of History, page 84
2   John Vidmar, O.P., The Catholic Church Through the Ages, page 22-23
3   Catechism of the Catholic Church, II The Resurrection – A Work of the Holy 
    Trinity (648-651) and III The Meaning and Saving Significance Of The 
    Resurrection (651-650)
4   Excerpt from Pope Benedict XVI's homily during the conclusion of Pauline Year 2008-2009
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McgQjsQkoKk


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